The President's Call: Executive Leadership From FDR to George Bush by Judith E. Michaels

Author:Judith E. Michaels [Michaels, Judith E.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: test
ISBN: 0822956284
Amazon: B008SLGMDM
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
Published: 1997-07-14T23:00:00+00:00

While Carter's preelection rhetoric was anti-bureaucratic, . . . unlike Nixon and Reagan, he did not identify the bureaucrats as the primary cause of the problem. His interest was less focused on dismantling particular bureaucracies and eliminating career jobs. This probably resulted in less conflict between the political appointees and career bureaucrats in the Carter administration, despite his apparent dislike for bureaucracy. (Joyce 1990a, 142)

It took Ronald Reagan in his campaign against Washington to turn the outsider's stance to full advantage. Rather than attempting a reorganization of the bureaucracy, he simply gutted and circumvented it. It was a strategy focused on command relationships and processes rather than on formal structure. It was, indeed, an administrative strategy of centralization that could bypass the recalcitrant Congress and bring the career bureaucracy to heel. The primary elements of this strategy were centralization of the budgetary, appointments, and decision-making processes and control and reduction of regulations (Seidman and Gilmour 1986, 127). Reagan's assault on the bureaucracy was direct, unmistakable, and involved massive personnel changes.

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